Maha Kumbh Mela is the most sacred pilgrimage among Hindu pilgrimages. This festival is celebrated in Prayagraj after an interval of twelve years.

मेष राशि गते जीवे मकरे चन्द्र भास्करौ ।
अमावस्या तदा योगः कुम्भख्यस्तीर्थ नायके ॥

Meaning: Kumbh festival is organized in Prayag on the day of Amavasya when Jupiter enters Capricorn in the cycle of Aries and Sun and Moon enter Capricorn.

Mother Shakambhari Devi, situated in the Shivalik mountain range of Saharanpur, appeared on Paush Shukla Purnima, this festival of appearance of the mother is known as Shakambhari Purnima and Shakambhari Jayanti. Mother Shakambhari is also called Mata Shakumbhari in some places in Saharanpur and Uttar Pradesh.

Shakambhari purnima

Shakambhari Purnima is the concluding day of Shakambhari Navratri which lasts for eight days from Paush Ashtami. Mother Shakambhari Devi is called the goddess of vegetables and plants.

Paush Bada is a festival celebrated in Jaipur, the capital of the Indian state of Rajasthan, during the Hindu calendar month of Paush. The name Paush Bada means Paush Hindu calendar month and Bada means salty lentil pakodas.

Pongal (பொங்கல்) is the main harvest festival of Tamil Hindus. It is celebrated every year on 14-15 January. Traditionally, it is a festival dedicated to prosperity in which rain, sunshine, agriculture and domestic animals are worshipped to bring prosperity.

Just like Makar Sankranti in North India and Lohri in Punjab, Pongal is celebrated in South India. Pongal is especially a festival of farmers.

Lord Surya is the chief of the nine planets. The Sun transits through the 12 zodiac signs in sequence, due to which the relative position of all the planets changes and it has auspicious and inauspicious effects on people. 

Kharmas

When Lord Surya enters the zodiac sign of Jupiter i.e. Pisces and Sagittarius. Then the time interval of the Sun entering and leaving the zodiac sign of Jupiter is called Kharmas.

According to the Hindu calendar, Sankranti means the transition of the Sun from one zodiac sign to another. In some parts of India, each Sankranti is marked as the beginning of a month. On the other hand, in some other parts, a Sankranti is marked as the end of each month and the next day as the beginning of a new month.

In Hindu calendar, the 11th tithi of every month is called Ekadashi. Ekadashi is considered to be a tithi dedicated to Lord Vishnu. As there are two phases in a month, there are two Ekadashi, one in Shukla Paksha and the other in Krishna Paksha. Thus, there can be at least 24 Ekadashi in a year, but in case of Adhik Maas, this number can be 26.